骨髓增生异常综合征细胞免疫异常的研究进展

The Research Update on Cellular Immune Abnormality in Myelodysplastic Syndrome——Review

骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS)是以造血细胞的异常克隆性增生、全血细胞减少并伴有病态造血为特征的一类疾病 ,其发病机制涉及染色体异常或基因突变、免疫异常、环境等多种因素 ,目前普遍认为是一种多因素异常所致的多步骤病理过程。越来越多的研究结果显示 :细胞免疫的异常在MDS发病过程中起了重要作用 ,尤其是有关T细胞异常活化 ,免疫应答 ,各阶段细胞因子异常表达 ,以及对MDS免疫治疗的临床研究也为揭示其免疫异常提供了大量佐证。

Myelodysplastic syndrome is a group of diseases characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of hematopoietic cells and pancytopenia with dysplasia. The pathogenesis of MDS includes factors of chromosome aberrations, gene mutations, immune abnormalities, environmental changes, and so on. Now it is commonly accepted that MDS is a multistep process disorder involving more etiologic alterations. Recently more and more investigations indicate that the abnormality of cellular immunity is one of important reasons related to MDS. Some proofs about the abnormal activation of T cell and the abnormal expressions of cytokines in different stages of immune response in MDS have been documented, meanwhile, numerous clinical studies on immune therapy in MDS provide a great number of evidences to disclose its immune abnormalities.