评梁漱溟的“文化三路向”说

Review on Liang Shuming's Theory of three Culture Orientations

梁漱溟以"意欲"这一范畴为理论的契入点而提出的"文化三路向"说,面临以下几个主要困境:其一,以西方心理学和哲学术语来阐释文化理论及中国传统哲学所陷入的学理误区;其二,多元文化史观与文化本位主义的折中调和所带来的理论上的二难困境;其三,以孔子儒学来言说和诠释中国形而上学及所谓"第二文化路向"所昭示出来的尊孔倾向;其四,主张未来世界文化是中国文化的复兴所凸显出的现代文化保守主义。

Liang Shuming's theory of'three culture orientations' faces several predicaments. Firstly, using western psychological and philosophical terms,to explain culture theory and Chinese traditional philosophy, he must have his theory get into some kinds of academic mistake. Secondly, compromising and conciliating between the view of pluralistic cultural history and culture nativism,he makes his theory immerse into some dilemma. Thirdly, using Confucius' theory to speak and annotate Chinese metaphysics and socalled 'the second culture orientation',he has a tendency of obeying Confucius. Fourthly, declaring the future culture of the world is the revising of Chinese culture, he distinctly becomes a culture conservatist.