“神舟”四号中的流体物理实验

A space experiment in fluid physics aboard China′s spacecraft SZ-4

在多年地基研究的基础上 ,作为载人航天工程应用系统的有效载荷 ,在我国“神舟”四号飞船返回舱在轨飞行期间进行了大Marangoni数 (Ma)液滴热毛细迁移空间微重力实验 .实验中FC - 75液和 5cst硅油分别为滴相和连续相实验流体介质 ,研究了在稳定、长时间的微重力环境中 ,不同温度梯度条件下液滴热毛细迁移的现象及特征 .Marangoni数到达 5 5 0 0 ,很大地扩展了过去液滴热毛细迁移实验的Ma参数范围 .实验结果表明 ,大Ma数液滴热毛细迁移特征规律复杂 ,迁移速度与YGB模型线性预测有明显的差别 .文章介绍了液滴热毛细迁移研究进展 ,给出了此次空间实验的一些主要结果 .讨论了大Ma液滴热毛细迁移的特征 ,并对自行研制的空间实验设备。

Following many years of ground-based studies, an experiment on drop thermocapillary migration at large Marangoni numbers was conducted on board China′s spacecraft SZ-4. In the experiment FC-75 fluorinert liquid and 5cst silicone oil were used as the drop phase and continuous phase, respectively. The behavior of drop migration at Marangoni numbers as high as 5500 was investigated under different temperature gradients in a long, stable microgravity environment. The experimental results show a notable deviation from the predictions given by the YGB model and other numerical solutions, which implies a complex behavior for the drop migration at large Marangoni numbers. The experimental setup, procedure and main experimental results are reported, and the drop migration behavior is discussed.