价值视角的转变与正义模式的演绎——评美国1998年《ADR 法》

On the Transition of the Value Angle and the Deduction of the Justice Mode——On American Alternative Dispute Resolution Act of 1998

经过联邦法院对 ADR 的十几年的探索实验,美国国会最终通过了1998年《ADR 法》,为 ADR 措施的开展发放了“绿卡”。该法要求所有的美国联邦法院实施“当事人服务型”的 ADR 措施,并允许法院强制当事人参加 ADR 程序。联邦法院 ADR 部门要想成功有效的实施该法,对各种 ADR 措施进行选择,以使其与现有的法院体系相兼容,同时为当事人提供便利,首先要协调好 ADR 措施所内涵的正义模式与一直引导着法院的传统的判决型的正义模式的关系。

After American Federal Courts had experimented the ADR for more than 10 years,American Congress fi- nally passed the ADR-ACT,1998.The Act demands all American Federal Courts to enforce the ADR measures of the service mode for litigants and permit the court forcing litigants to take part in the ADR procedure.If the ADR depart- ments of the federal courts want to enforce the Act successfully,choose all kinds of the ADR measures to make them in- corporated with the present court system,and provide the convenience for litigants,it must firstly harmonize the relations between the justice that the ADR measures connote and the traditionally judgmental justice mode.