286例高原猝死尸检的临床病理分析

CLINICAL PATHOLOGIC ANALYSIS OF 286 CASES OF SUDDEN DEATH IN QINGHAI PLATEAU

目的 :探讨高原猝死的病因、病理和临床特点与平原有何不同 ,以提高其诊断和治疗水平 ;方法 :对本院 1 959年 1 1月— 2 0 0 3年 1 0月 1 1 4 0例尸检进行回顾性分析研究 ;结果 :检出猝死 2 86例 ,其中呼吸系统疾病 1 73例 (60 .5% ) ,明显高于平原资料 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,心血管疾病 68例 (2 3 .8% ) ,中枢神经系统疾病 1 5例 (5.2 % ) ,均明显低于平原 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,消化系统疾病 2 2例 (7.7% ) ,泌尿生殖系统和其它疾病各 4例 (分别占 1 .4% ) ,肺炎合并肺水肿、肺出血者占 46.2 0 % ;结论 :青海高原猝死的死因呼吸系统疾病占首位 ,明显高于平原 ,心血管系统和中枢神经系统疾病相对明显低于平原 。

Objective:To study the differences of pathologic and clinical characteristics in sudden death cases between high altitude and plain to improve the diagnosis and treatment. Method:Data of 1140 cases of autopsy in our hospital from October,1959 to October, 2003 were reviewed. Results: 173 of 286 cases of sudden death had the respiratory disease(60.5%), which was obviously higher than that in plain ( P <0.01) ; 68 cases had cardiovascular disease(23.8%), 15cases had CNS diseases (5.2%), all above were lower than that in plain ( P <0.01); 22 cases had digestive system disease (7.7%), 4 cases were urogential system disease and others (1.4% ) The cases with pulmonitis, pulmonary edema and hemorrhage were 46.2% on the whole. Conclusion: The respiratory disease is the main cause of sudden death in plateau , cardiovascular disease and CNS disease were lower relatively than that in plain.