试论前缀“老”的语法化历程及其意义

On the Grammaticalization of the Chinese Prefix "老" (lao) and Its Meanings

"老"作为典型的汉语词汇前缀有很多搭配功能,而且在不同的搭配功能中,又具有不同的语法意义。但是它的语法化历程,语法意义是怎样产生的,变化机制如何,还未得到充分的研究。本文基于客观语料进行了全面考察,得出了八种分布、四种语法意义,从而理清了不同分布下不同语法意义的变化历程、演进机制和现状。

As a typical Chinese lexical prefix, 'lao' has a lot of collocational functions with different grammatical meanings, but the research on its changing process, its origin of grammatical meanings, and its changing system are still insufficient. With an analysis objective corpus and a survey of the prefix on full scale, the paper draws a conclusion that 'lao' has eight kinds of distributions and four grammatical meanings, giving a good demonstration of its changing process, changing system and present condition in different distribution.