以宽广、深邃的目光观察社会主义

Observing Socialism with a Keen Sense from a Broad Viewpoint

自 2 0世纪 5 0年代以来对社会主义的认识经历了以苏联为榜样、以中国为典范和以各国的独立探索为依据这样三个阶段。社会主义的纵向发展可归纳为空想社会主义、科学社会主义、苏联模式社会主义和各国独立探索的社会主义这样四个阶段。社会主义于 2 0世纪首先在十几个不发达国家胜利符合并且发展了科学社会主义 ;苏联东欧各国发生剧变的深层原因是违背不发达国家实现社会主义的特殊规律 ,推行过度集权的体制和先“左”后右或一“左”到底的错误路线 ;

the development of socialism can be summarized from a vertical dimension as Utopian socialism, scientific socialism, the USSR socialism and varied models of socialism in different countries. The fact that socialism had been established in a dozen or so underdeveloped countries agrees with and contributes to the development of scientific socialism. The author points out that the fundamental causes for the turmoil in USSR and East Europe are violation of the special principles of socialism in underdeveloped countries. Under circumstances of the new revolution of science and technology, it is necessary to probe and search for a new route for developing socialism in the world.