城市水资源的合理利用与可持续发展

Rational utilization of urban water resources and sustainable development

自20世纪80年代以来,由于工业的高速发展,中国城市已由180座猛增至666座,城市人口和城市需水量都迅猛增长,造成城市水资源紧缺。城市发展也使污染问题日益严重,直接对水资源造成破坏,影响人体健康。地下水超量开采,引起地面沉降、岩溶塌陷、海水入侵等地质灾害,造成严重经济损失。针对以上问题,本文探讨了城市水资源紧缺的原因及其对生态的影响,提出城市水资源的合理规划、合理利用以及开源节流、保护生态环境与防止地质灾害的相关措施。

Since the80s of the20th century,because of rapid industri al development ,the number of cities in China has been quickly increased from1 80to666;consequently the urban population and water demands have also rapi dly increased,thus causing severe shortages of water resources in urban areas .In-creasingly serious water pollution caused by urban development not only does great damage to human health but also intensifies their shortages.Variou s negative effects of groundwater over-exploitation such as land subsidence, karst collapse and seawater intrusion have become serious public hazards and c aused great economic loses.According to these problems ,the author analyzes d ifferent causes for urban water shortage and its eco-environmental influences in urban areas,and then proposes rational planning and reasonable u-tilizatio n of urban water resources,as well as effective measures for saving water and exploring new sources,protecting the eco-environment and preventing geologic al disasters.