抗晶状体蛋白的特异性抗体免疫示踪研究

A study of labeled serum transfer in rabbits with autoimmune cataract

目的 :了解针对晶状体组织的特异性抗体到达眼前节的途经、部位及其对晶状体生理功能的影响。方法 :采用荧光标记抗体 ,观察被动免疫动物眼前节组织中荧光反应的变化 ,测定晶状体调节力和进行眼前节裂隙灯检查。结果 :特异性抗体 (IgG)首先到达睫状体部 ,而后出现在晶状体囊膜、虹膜和角膜内皮上 ;眼前节抗体含量峰值与裂隙灯观察的房闪、KP同时出现 ;晶状体上皮细胞的损伤与晶状体的调节力下降则出现于转移免疫后 2w。结论 :针对晶状体组织抗原的特异性抗体可通过体循环先到达睫状体部 ,然后随房水而作用于晶状体上皮细胞。

Objective:Investigations were performed to clarify the mechanism by which special antibodies directed against isologous lens protein antigens(ILAgs) enter the eye. Changes in the histology and physiological functions of the lens were noted.Methods:Forty-eight rabbits were selected for the study. Four of them were used to isolate Ags,twenty to create an AIC(auto immune cataract) model,and the remaining sixteen were divided into two groups. Group A served as the experimental group,while group B was the control group. The IgG from the AIC models(mainly containing antibodies directed against ILAgs) and normal animals were stained with fluorescence and then i.v. injections were administered. to the rabbits in group A and group B. Lens accommodation was measured,and slit-lamp examinations were performed before serum transfer-and 12,24,and 48 hours and 2 weeks after serum transfer. When the above procedures were completed,2 animals at a time were chosen from each group,and the eyes were removed and processed in order to observe the fluorescence phenomenon in different parts of the anterior segment.Results:In group A,12 hours post-serum transfer,the labeled antibodies first appeared in the ciliary body,lens epithelial cells,iris and corneal endothelium. Then the fluorescence enhancement reached its peak at 24 hours and was maintained until 48 hours post-serum transfer. The fluorescence disappeared 2 weeks after the procedure was performed. Under slit-lamp examination,the aqueous flare appeared at 12 hours and reached a peak 24～48 hours post-serum transfer. Half of the eyes were still aqueous flare positive 2 weeks after the procedure. There was a decrease in lens accommodation in one eye 2 weeks after serum transfer. This indicates that there was a correlation between lens damage and antibodies penetrating the lens. Aqueous flare reached a peak at the same time the antibodies penetrated the anterior chamber. Lens epithelial cell damage and reduced accommodation occurred 2 weeks post-serum transfer. No fluorescence was observed in the eyes in group B.Conclusion:In these investigations,AIC was induced by ILAgs. Then special antibodies directed against the lens could penetrate the lens through blood circulation and attack it. It can be concluded that once the special antibodies accumulated to a certain level in the anterior chamber,this triggered damage to the lens epithelium,and a cataract eventually formed. This research also indicates that special antibodies directed against the lens(IgG) could penetrate the anterior segment of eye. First they reached the ciliary bodies,then the lens epithelial cells,iris and corneal endothelium,and eventually accumulated in lens epithelial cells,subsequently followed by accumulation in the corneal endothelium. Lens accommodation was adversely affected 2 weeks following the production of special antibodies.