质子交换膜燃料电池用催化剂及其电极的研究进展

Progresses of platinum catalyst and MEA for PEM fuel cell

膜电极(MEA)是质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的核心技术。膜电极包含的催化剂层、材料和结构等对PEMFC的性能影响很大。催化剂面层上供三相(质子、电子、气体)用的通道对于电池使用时的催化作用是必不可少的。介绍了近几年催化剂的研究进展,看重对三相通道进行了详细叙述。也回顾了一些用于改善催化剂活性的其他方法,如阴极催化、合金催化剂,根据这些进展,对今后的研究方向提出了建议。

Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the central portion of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Therefore, including the catalyst layer, the materials and structures of the MEA are considered to have most effects on PEMFC performance. Channels for three phases (proton, electron and gas) on the catalyst surface are considered essential for the catalysis during the cell performing. In this paper, some progresses for catalyst layer in the past several years are introduced and detailed in enhances for three-phase channels. Some other methods for improving catalyst activity such as cathode catalyze, alloy catalyst are also reviewed in the paper. Finally, some reasonable advises are given based on these progresses.