二语教学中“教”与“学”关系探究

A Tentative Study of the Relationship Between Teaching and Learning in the Second Language Acquisition

由于受行为主义语言学习理论的影响 ,人们一度把“教”与“学”纯粹当作刺激与反应的关系 ,因此在教学活动中关注“教”而忽视“学”。从 2 0世纪 70年代开始 ,在认知语言学和建构主义学习理论的影响下 ,第二语言教学中心转向关注“学” ,同时又出现淡忘“教”的倾向。本文探讨上述两种偏颇形成的原因及其表现 ,认为在中国的语境下学习外语 ,“教”与“学”不可偏颇 ,否则既不利于第二语言成功习得又阻碍学习者的身心健康发展。

Teaching cannot be separated from learning.Influenced by behaviourism and structuralism,people once regarded the relationship between teaching and learning purely as one of stimulus vs response ,thus attaching more importance to the former than to the latter.Since the 1970's ,constructivism and cognitive linguistics have shifted people 's attention to learning,but at the same time ,caused some people to overlook teaching somewhat.This paper holds that the relationship between teaching and learning should be well balanced and under no circumstances should the one be allowed to disproportionately outshine the other.Otherwise it would be harmful to both learning and the full development of learners.This paper also recollects how the two above-mentioned tendencies came into being and analyses the importance of correctly handling the relationship between teaching and learning.