淡化方式与盐度对凡纳对虾幼虾生长的影响

Effects of desalination method and salinity on survival rate and growth of Penaeus vannamei juvenile

不同的淡化方式与盐度影响凡纳对虾幼虾成活率与生长。以虹吸法边进边出的渐变方式进行淡化,效果最好,成活率达95.0%。适合于规模化生产的淡化方式为每6小时淡化一次,平均每小时降盐速度0.76,成活率达83.3%;体长为0.59～2.22cm、体重为8.12～30.12mg的幼虾具有相同的耐受降盐能力;幼虾生长的最适盐度范围为7.5～24.6,合适盐度范围为4.9～36.3,可适盐度范围为0.59～36.3。幼虾也可在淡水中生长(S:0.59,0.62),饲养21d,平均体长增长率与体重增长率分别为67.5%～73.0%与599.5%～615.6%,成活率达88.4%～90.0%。

The different desalination methods and salinities had an effect on survival rate and growth of Penaeus Vannamei juvenile. The best result, 95.0% of survival rate, was obtained by siphoning , intaking while flowing out. The desalination method feasible for the large scale of production was desalinating once every 6 hours and the rate of reduced salinity was 0.76/h. This salinity method got 83.3% of the survival rate. The different size of juvenile (body length: 0.59-2.22cm, weight: 8.12-30.12mg) had the same ability to tolerate the reduced salinities. The suitable range of salinities for the growth of Penaeus vannamei juvenile was 4.9-36.3, the most optimum 7.5-24.6,the juvenile could adapt to 0.59-36.3 of salinity range. Penaeus vannamei juvenile can grow in freshwater (S:0.59,0.62) where after 21d the increase rate of body length was 67.5%-73.0%, the increase rate 599.5%-615.6% for body weight, and survived rate 88.4%-90.0% larvae.