氦气谐振点火器和气氧/煤油火炬点火器研究

Investigation of helium resonance ignitor and kerosene/oxygen ignitor

为了实现液体推进剂火箭发动机重复多次可靠启动,研究了利用气动谐振热效应形成的高温高能点火源进行气氧/煤油等可贮存推进剂多次点火的方案。为此研制了氦气谐振点火器和气氧/煤油火炬点火器。氦气点火器在较宽的气源温度(-2℃～33℃)变化范围、较大喷嘴入口压力(1 5MPa～3 0MPa)变化范围内均具有好的谐振加热性能。气氧/煤油火炬点火器能够多次可靠地点火并生成稳定的点火火炬。由于不受谐振产生条件的限制,气氧和煤油的流量可以在较大的范围内选择,生成点火火炬的温度范围也很宽,富燃点火炬更具工程应用价值。研究结果表明氦气谐振点火器及其气氧/煤油火炬点火器具有结构简单,可靠性高,无毒无污染等优点,对于重复多次启动的液体火箭发动机有着诱人的应用前景。

In order to reliably realize the multiple ignition of liquid rocket engine, the gas dynamic resonance ignitor, which creates the ignition resource of high temperature and high energy, was applied to ignite kerosene/oxygen. Two ignitors were developed. The helium resonance ignitor with light and simple structure was powerful and reliable. It can be concluded from experiments that the helium resonance ignitor has good resonance performance even when gas temperature or inlet pressure has large variance, which leads to more application of helium resonance ignitor. The kerosene/oxygen ignitor, which is utilized as an indirect ignition method, is able to multiple ignition and produce ignition torch successfully. Since the flux of kerosene and oxygen and the temperature of ignition torch can be varied in a wide range, the kerosene/oxygen ignitor satisfies various ignition requirements of liquid rocket engines. The present research shows that the helium resonance ignitor and the kerosene/oxygen ignitor characterized with advantages of simple structure, high reliability, and non-poison, etc., are prospective to be applied for multiple ignition of liquid rocket engine.