籼粳稻杂交后代亚种特性表现与分类研究

Subspecific Characteristics and Classification of Rice Varieties Developed Through Indica and Japonica Crossing

应用程氏指数法研究了籼粳稻杂交后代穗壳色、叶毛、稃毛、穗节长、籽粒长宽比、酚反应等 6个亚种特征性状的表现。结果表明 ,F1表现为偏籼型 ,F2 接近正态分布 ,籼型和母本的影响略大于粳型和父本 ;亲本及其F1的上述特征性状与程氏指数之间及相互之间大多呈显著或极显著正相关 ,F2 特征性状相互之间相关性大多不显著 ,但与程氏指数的相关性仍然达到极显著水平 ;F2 这 6种特征性状均为连续变异 ,有相当比例的个体表现超亲遗传 ,正反交趋势一致 ;叶毛和稃毛接近双峰曲线 ,其余性状均呈单峰曲线分布 ,穗壳色、酚反应和穗节长呈现偏态分布 ,前两者粳型个体比例大 ,后者籼型个体比例大 。

The characteristics of rice progenies from indica a nd japonica crossing were studied using Cheng's Index Classification Method. F 1 generations performed as near indica, and F 2 generations were approx imately in normal distribution, but more affected by indica and female paren ts. Among the 6 Cheng's Index traits of the parents and F 1 generations, and among the traits and Cheng's Indexes, significant correlations in 0.05 and 0.01 levels were found in most cases; among the 6 Cheng's index traits of F 2 generations, no significant correlations were found in most cases, but significant correlati ons in 0.01 levels were existed among the traits and Cheng's indexes. The 6 Chen g's index traits of F 2 ranged successively, and many individuals showed over- parent genetics, with the same trends in both direct cross and reciprocal cross. Chaff and leaf pubescences showed as nearly two-peak value, and the others as mono-peak value. The hull color, phenol reaction and length of panicle internod es ranged in deviation, more japonica individuals with the first two traits and more indica ones with the last trait. The ratios of grain length/width w ere near normal distribution.