25～45Gyγ射线辐照对红细胞制品质量的影响

Effects of 25～45Gy Gamma Irradiation on the Quality of Red Blood Cells Components

目的 研究不同剂量辐照对红细胞的活性及功能的即刻损伤及保存损伤 ,确定辐照血液的保存时间。方法 将CPDA 全血 4 0 0ml分成 4组 ,于采血后 1d进行 0 (为对照组 )、2 5、35、4 5Gyγ射线辐照。在辐照后 0、4、7、1 4、2 1、2 8、35d取样测定红细胞活性、功能指标。结果 0～ 35d保存过程中 ,①红细胞功能 :各辐照组的 2 ,3 DPG含量与对照组比较均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;②红细胞活性 (ATP含量 ) :2 5Gy辐照组在 35d保存过程中与对照组差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;35、4 5Gy组分别于 35d(84 .7% )及 2 8d(83.6 % )起低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;③红细胞脆性 :红细胞最小抵抗力 ,2 5、35、4 5Gy组分别自 35、2 8、2 1d起低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;红细胞最大抵抗力 ,保存过程中 2 5Gy组与对照组差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ,35、4 5Gy组分别自 35及 1 4d起低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;④游离K+ :2 5Gy组自辐照后 1d ,35、4 5Gy组自辐照后 0d起即高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;K+ 含量与剂量呈正相关性 (r为 0 .96 6～ 0 .999) ;⑤游离血红蛋白 :在保存过程中显示出一定的剂量关系 ,但差异尚无统计学意义。结论 辐照对红细胞有一定的损伤 ,损伤程度与剂量有一定的相关性 ,但总体来说损伤不大 。

Objective To measure the effects of gamma irradiation on red blood cells(RBC)components and assess the appropriate storage period of irradiated RBC components.Methods CPDA whole blood was divided into 4 groups and treated with gamma irradiation at doses of 0(as control),25,35 or 45Gy on day1 after collection.On day0,4,7,14,21,28 and 35,samples were collected and measured for ATP,2,3 DPG,K+,plasma free Hb and pH.Results (1)RBC function:2,3 DPG were not affected by 25～45Gy irradiation during the 0～35d storage period( P> 0.05).(2)RBC vitality:There were no enormous difference of ATP in each groups during the storage period.There were no difference of ATP in 25Gy irradiated blood and the control during the 35days storage( P >0.05).ATP levels in 35 and 45Gy irradiated blood were lower than the control since day35 (84.7%) and day28 (83.6%),respectively.(3)RBC brittleness:The lowest resistance ability of RBC in 25,35 and 45Gy groups were lower than the control since day35,28 and 21 respectively;There were no difference on the largest resistance ability of RBC between the 25Gy group and the control during the storage period,while in 35 and 45Gy groups it was lower than the control since day35 and 14 respectively.(4)Free K +:Free K + was increased more rapidly in 25,35 and 45Gy groups than in control since day0,day1,and day1 after irradiation( P <0.05),respectively;and in a irradiation dose dependent manner(r=0.966～0.999).(5)Free hemoglobin:It seemed to be in an irradiation dose dependent manner,although had no statistic significant yet.Conclusion Although irradiation has some adverse effect on the RBC in a manner of irradiation dose dependent,the effect is not serious on the vitality and function of RBC.It is therefore recommended that CPDA whole blood be used within 35,28,and 21days when stored after irradiation with 25,35,and 45Gy,respectively.Since plasma potassium level tends to increase more rapidly in the first week after irradiation,attention should be given to the increased K + release in irradiated blood.