传统社会变迁与民族文化传承——以台湾泰雅人为例

The Changes of Traditional Society and the Succession of Ethnic Cultures——A Case Study of the Atayal in Taiwan

传统文化变迁与民族文化传承,是民族学或文化人类学研究的重要问题。以台湾少数民族泰雅人为例,近百年来,他们彻底改变了原始农业与狩猎采集的经济,改变了传统社会制度,最终导致部落解体。但在发展旅游观光业时,泰雅人注重下一代的双语教学,开办了泰雅文化和语言课程,开展了传统技艺学习,以各种方式挽救传统文化,所取得的成绩和存在的问题具有一定的借鉴意义。

The changes of traditional society and the succession of ethnic cultures have always been an integral part of ethnological or cultural anthropological studies. Field studies of the Atay-al in Taiwan suggest that the Atayal tribe became disintegrated because of the radical changes in their economic modes of the primitive agriculture, hunting and food foraging as well as the traditional social system. Still, the Atayal, in the course of tourism development for sightseeing, attach great importance to bilingual education for the younger generations so that they have opened courses of Atayal culture and language and traditional techniques, hoping to bring back the traditional cultural essence. Their achievements as well as the problems concerned will be of referential value.