陕西省2000～2002年麻疹流行病学分析及控制策略探讨

Study of Measles Epidemiology During 2000～2002 and Measles Control Measures in Shaanxi Province

为了解陕西省麻疹流行状况 ,以加速控制麻疹 ,对陕西省 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 2年麻疹发病资料进行流行病学分析。结果显示 :陕西省 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 2年麻疹年平均发病率比 1997～ 1999年上升了 6 5 7%。病例分布广泛 ,流行模式为爆发和散发并存 ,局部麻疹爆发影响着全省的麻疹发病水平。 3～ 6月为麻疹高发季节 ,0～ 2岁和 6～ 8岁为麻疹高发年龄组。对麻疹病例的免疫史分析表明 ,2 5 %的麻疹病例未接种麻疹疫苗 (MV) ,2 4 %的病例免疫史不详。报告病例的年龄和免疫史状况说明 ,MV的初种和复种需加强 ,同时要在全省范围开展一定年龄组儿童的MV强化免疫 ,调整现行MV的免疫程序 ,健全麻疹监测系统。

In order to know the status of measles epidemic and achieve the goal for measles control,we analyzed the data of measles cases from Jan.2000 to Dec.2002 in Shaanxi Province.The results showed that the average measles incidence in 2000-2002 increased 65.7%,as compared with that of 1997-1999.Both the sporadic and epidemic measles in some districts existed at the same time and the reported measles cases extensively distributed in all districts of Shaanxi Province.The outbreaks of measles in some districts had affected the measles morbidity of the whole province.The prevalent season was from March to June,the incidence of measles between 0～2 year old and betweew 6～8 year old age groups were higher than that in the other age groups. We concluded that 25% of the total measles cases were not immunized and 24% without vaccination records through analyzing the measles cases vaccination history.The age distribution and vaccination status of measles cases remind that the routine immunization service and the second dose service should be strengthened,at the same time the measles campaign should be implemented to a certain age group of children.In addition,readjusting the old vaccination schedule and perfecting measles surveillance system must be taken.