昆虫病毒增效剂研究进展

Advances in insect virus synergists

概述了昆虫病毒增效剂方面的研究进展 ,重点述及生物增效剂病毒增强素及化学增效剂荧光增白剂的增效活性特点和增效机理 ,以及病毒增强素分子生物学方面研究进展。在颗粒体病毒、核型多角体病毒、昆虫痘病毒中均发现了病毒增强素 ,它是一种金属蛋白酶。已克隆多个病毒增效基因 ,并构建了含增效基因的重组病毒和转基因作物。二苯乙烯类荧光增白剂对病毒具有增效作用。已明确病毒增强素和荧光增白剂增效作用与昆虫围食膜的破坏有关 ,其他增效机理有待进一步研究。

This paper summarized the recent advances in insect virus synergists, including the synergistic characteristics and mechanism of viral enhancin, a biological synergist from insect viruses, and the optical brightener, a chemical synergist. The paper also gave a framework of the molecular biology of enhancin. Viral enhancin was found in nuclear polyhedrosis virus, granulosis virus, cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus and entomopoxvirus, and it was metalloproteases. Several enhancin genes have been cloned, based on that, some enhancin recombinant virus and plant has been constructed. Optical brightener with enhancing activity were stilbenes. It has been confirmed that the destruction of peritrophic membrane contributed to the enhancement of viral infectivity by synergists. Other mechanism related to the enhancement needs further study. Finally the use of insect virus synergists was discussed.