腾格里沙漠东南边缘植物群落物种多样性分析

ANALYSIS ON SPECIES DIVERSITY OF PLANT COMMUNITIES IN THE SOUTHEASTERN TENGGELI DESERT

应用群落多样性指数 (D)、均匀度 (J)、生态优势度 (C)等指标 ,对腾格里沙漠东南边缘不同生境的天然植物群落进行了调查。结果表明 :荒漠植物群落多样性指数 (D =0 6 0 3～ 1 6 2 8)和均匀度 (J =0 4 1 1～ 0 6 2 9)都较低 ,而生态优势度 (C =0 5 6 4～ 0 85 4 )较高 ,说明荒漠植物群落组成种类少 ,结构单一 ,表现出较大的脆弱性 ;多样性与生态环境关系密切 ,D和J随生境渐好而递增 ,C随生境渐好而递减 ,可作为环境评价指标 ;环境改善有助于群落演替进程的加速 ;人工植被各演替阶段植物组成变化较大 。

Plant communities at different habitats in the southeastern Tenggeli Desert were studied by means of diversity index (D), the community evenness formula (J) and ecological dominance (C). The results show that both the species diversity (D) is from 0.603 to 1.628 and the comunity evenness formula (J is from 0.411 to 0.629) are rather lower, but the ecologicl dominance (C is from 0.564 to 0.845)is rather high, that shows the vulnerability of desert community. The more complicated structure, the higher diversity index. Three indexes can be used to appraise environment, improve environment contributes to speed up the succession of plant communities and the succession finally tends to a natural community.