森林生态系统管理及其与传统森林经营的关系

Forest Ecosystem Management and Its Relationship with Traditional Forest Management

回顾了生态系统管理的发展过程;提出了森林生态系统管理的定义,指出森林生态系统管理的目标是维持生态系统的整体性、多样性和可持续性,以及维持生态系统的健康和生产力,以持续地获得理想的状态和期望的产品及服务;阐明了森林生态系统管理的内涵和实质,指出森林生态系统管理是传统森林经营的继承和发展,由传统森林经营向森林生态系统管理发展是社会经济发展的必然结果;分析了森林生态系统管理与传统森林经营在管理目标、核心理论、管理对象和管理尺度等方面的区别;讨论了森林生态系统管理研究中存在的不足。

Ecosystem management originates from the traditional forest resources management and utilization,which is the result of thinking of the huge destruction of ecological environment by human beings on traditional economic development patterns and an urgent need for the sustainable development of human society.In this paper,the developmental process of ecosystem management is reviewed briefly and the definition for forest ecosystem management is posed.The goal of forest ecosystem management is also pointed out,which is to maintain ecosystem integrity,biodiversity,sustainability,health and productivity in order to gain an ideal state,expected products and services.Meanwhile,the connotation and essence of forest ecosystem management is analysed.It is pointed out that forest ecosystem management carries on and develops on the basis of traditional forest management and that the development from traditional forest management to forest ecosystem management is an inevitable trend.In addition,differences in such 4 aspects as goal,core theory,object and scale of management between forest ecosystem management and traditional forest management are analysed.The major problems existing in the forest ecosystem management are finally discussed.