美国与第一次印度支那战争

The United States and the First Indo-China War

194 6 - 195 4年第一次印度支那战争期间 ,出于东亚冷战和加强欧洲合作的双重需要 ,美国对印度支那的政策不断进行调整 ,从开始的所谓“中立”逐渐转向对法国的全面支持 ,不仅为法国在印度支那的殖民战争提供了大量经济、军事援助 ,而且愈来愈表现出欲在该地区取代法国的倾向。美国对第一次印度支那战争所奉行的政策产生了严重后果 ,它为日后美国更深地陷入越战泥潭铺平了道路 ,特别是这一时期美国决策者提出的“多米诺骨牌理论” ,更是危害深远。

During the first Indo-China War between 1946 and 1954, motivated by the dual needs of waging the Cold War in East Asia and strengthening cooperation with Europe, the United States constantly adjusted its Indo-China policy, which moved from the so-called “neutrality” to all-round support of France. The United States not only provided France with massive economic and military aid in the latter's colonial war but also demonstrated an increased interest in replacing France in this region. Such policy had serious consequences, paving the way for its later quagmire of the Vietnam War. In particular, the “Domino Theory” advanced by American decision-makers in this period had far-reaching adverse consequences.