对虾抗菌肽Penaeidins的研究进展

Research Advances of Antimicrobial Penaeidins Isolated from Penaeid Shrimp

抗菌肽广泛存在于自然界中,在寄主先天性免疫机制中占有重要地位。尽管已经对其他节肢动物(包括昆虫和螫肢动物)体内的大量抗菌肽进行了研究鉴定,对甲壳动物体内分离出来的抗菌肽的研究报道却较少。Penaeidins是从南美白对虾血液中分离出来的一组抗菌肽。本文介绍了Penaeidins的结构、抗菌属性、免疫功能以及受到微生物刺激时Penaeidin基因的表达和Penaeidins的分布,并且对Penaeidins以及其他抗菌肽在水产动物疾病防治中的应用前景进行了展望。

Antimicrobial peptides which are considered to be a key element of host innate immunity exist broadly in nature. Only small amounts of reports about such effectors isolated in crustacean species, whereas numerous antimicrobial peptides have been characterized from other arthropods, both insects and chelicerates. Penaeidins are a family of antimicrobial peptides isolated from the hemolymph of the shrimp Penaeus Vannamei. This review demonstrates their strustures, antimicrobial properties, immune functions as well as penaeidin gene expression and peptides distribution upon microbial challenge. The application prospect of penaeidins and other antimicrobial peptides in preventing and curing diseases of aquaculture animals is also presented in this review.