电介质对电位移矢量的影响

The Effect of Dielectric on Electric Displacement Vector

分析了电位移矢量在一般情况下不仅与自由电荷有关 ,而且还与极化电荷有关 ,并给出了电位移矢量仅与自由电荷有关的条件 ,研究了极化电荷的分布规律。得出在均介质中 ,只有自由电荷分布的地方才有极化电荷 ;在电场方向上介质有不均匀性 ,必有极化电荷出现 ;在垂直于电场方向上介质有不均匀性 。

Under general conditions, electric displacement vector is not only related to free charges but also to polarized electric charges. The conditions where it is only related to free charges are given in this paper with investigations made into the distribution of polarized electric charges. It is concluded that when the dielectric is even, there emerge polarized electric charges only when there is distribution of free charges; polarized electric charges must emerge when the media are not even in the direction of electric field. However, no polarized electric charges emerge when the media are not even in vertical electric field.