斡脱:蒙元时期民事制度的一个创新

Ortaq: a new creation of the civil law in the Mongol--Yuan Dynasty

本文是对蒙元时期的特殊商业现象———斡脱进行研究。首先 ,对蒙元时期的斡脱语义进行了分析 ,认为在蒙古族中早就有发这个音的词 ,后来西域人到蒙古国后 ,这个词出现了多种意义 ,其中之一是成为一种商业的专称。其次 ,本文重点论证了斡脱作为一种民事行为相当于现代的信托行为。最后 ,对斡脱作为信托在蒙元时期商业活动中的作用进行了评估。

The paper studies a special commercial act in the Mongol--Yuan period. First, This word has spoken by Mongolian before the ethnics of XiYu come in the China and this word have many meanings after by studying the meaning of the Ortaq in Mongol--Yuan period. Second, Ortaq as civil act was regard as modern trust. Finally, Ortaq as trust of commercial act in the Mongol-Yuan period was valued.