美国与英国公益性科技管理体系研究

Science and Technology Management System of U.S.A and Britain

从国家科技管理机构、科研体系及公共科研成果转化三个方面分析美国和英国的公益性科技管理制度及其发展变化。随着经济全球化和知识自由流动的发展 ,科学技术在国家经济发展与社会进步方面的作用越来越大 ,政府在科技管理上的职能与地位也随之发生变化 ,总的来说是由原来的主要资助者和实施者转变为催化者和促进者。

This article analyzed the management system and its development of the public science & technology in the U.S.A and Britain, stressing on the government S&T management units, the R&D systems, and the transformation of public S&T productions. With the globalization of economy and free-fluency of knowledge, science and technology become more and more important in the economic development and social improvement. Thus the status and functions of the government on S&T also changed, in a word, from the main sponsor and executor into activator and advancer.