微波消解/ICP-AES法测定土壤中的环境有效态金属元素

Detection of Metal Elements Under Effective State of Environment in Soilwith Microwave Digestion and ICP-AES

传统的土壤样品消解技术手续繁琐、费时,成为整个分析过程的薄弱环节;微波消解很好地解决了这一问题。采用微波消解技术处理土壤样品,以ICP-AES法测定Ag、As、Ba.Be、Cu、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sr、V、Zn,Al、Co 14种环境有效态金属元素。选择了HNO_3-HCL-H_20_2消解体系,确定了最佳微波消解功率和时间。方法精密度以相对标准偏差表示为1.20％～6.13％,准确度以回收率表示为79.6％～97.4％,与传统的酸解法处理样品相比较,相对误差在±120％以下,结果基本一致。微波消解处理土壤样品比传统的酸解法节省了约10倍的时间,具有快速、高效、清洁、用量少、背景值小等优点。

The traditional digestion for soil is complicated and timeconsuming, which makes a weak link in the process of analysis, while microwave digestion resolves the problem. In this paper, 14 environmental metal elements under effective state in soil samples have been tested by ICP-AES coupled with microwave digestion technique, such as: Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, Zn, Al and Co. HNO3-HCl-H2O2 was cho sen as reagent system for digestion and microwave heating power and time were optimized. The precision and accuracy of the proposed method was RSD 1.20-6.13% and recovery of 78.6-97.4%, respectively. Com pared with the traditional platen heater digestion method, microwave digestion provided relative de viation lower than 20%, and the results were in agreement with those of the samples digested by the traditional method, while it only spent 10% of the time as required by the traditional method. The advantages of the method are: rapidness, high per formance, cleanness, reagent-saving, and low back ground, and is a promising technique for pretreat ment of samples.