肝移植病区感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

The Distribution and Drug Resistance of Infective Pathogens in Liver Transplantation Unit

目的 探讨肝移植病区感染的病原菌分布及其耐药性。方法 对我院2001～2002年肝移植病区各类标本首次分离的1035株病原菌的分布及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果 肝移植病区感染的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占56.3％;其次为革兰氏阳性球菌(25.0％)和真菌(18.7％)。最常见的5个菌种依次是表皮葡萄球菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌。病原菌分离部位以痰、血液、胆汁为主,占86.4％。细菌的耐药现象严重,常见菌种基本上都呈多重耐药,但革兰阴性杆菌对泰能耐药率相对较低。没有发现耐万古霉素的葡萄球菌。结论 加强肝移植病区的细菌分离及耐药性监测,对于合理使用抗生素预防和治疗感染十分重要。

Objective To explore the distribution and drug resistance of infective pathogens in Jiver transplantation unit. Methods A retrospective study about the pathogens distribution and its drug resistance was carried out in first - isolated 1035 strains from various specimens in liver transplantation unit, 2001 - 2002. Results The pathogens in liver transplantation unit were Gram - negative bacilli mainly (56.3 % ), then the Gram - positive coccus (25.0 % ) and fungus (18.7%) . The 5 most common strains detected were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Stentrophomonas malfophilia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii. The main sites for pathogens isolation were sputum, blood and bile (86.4% ) . The status of bacterium drug resistance was very severe, and the most strains basically manifested multi - drug resistance. But the rate of drug resistance of Gram - negative bacilli to Imipenem was relatively low. The Staphylococcus strain having drug resistance to Vancomycin had not been found. Conclusions To use antibiotics appropriately, it is very important to strengthen bacterium isolation and its drug resistance inspection in liver transplantation unit.