陶诗中上古社会理想的玄学内涵探析

The Philosophical Analysis of Ancient Seciety Described in Tao' s Poems

陶渊明所追求的上古社会具有真淳静朴的特点,已不完全合于儒家的范畴。联系当时的主流哲学思潮——玄学,我们可以发现陶渊明对上古社会的理解与描述,更多意义上同于老庄和玄学士人。他怀疑和修正了孔子的一些说法,把复真和还淳的使命加于孔子身上,赋予儒家圣人以道家的内涵。这都与当时玄学士人的做法相通。而他的桃花源理想则是在他理想中的上古社会不可求时虚构出来的,是上古社会的具体化。这正是玄学影响下的产物。

The ancient society that Tao Yuanming sought was a pure,peaceful,simple and honest one and beyond the category of Confucianism. Tao's apprehension and description of the ancient society was similar to that of Lao, Zhuang and the philosophers of the Wei and Jin dynasties. He doubted and modified a few of Kongzi' s teachins and bestowed on him the mission to restore purity and simplicity. He combined Confucianism and Taoism into an entity,just as his comtemporary philosophers did. The 'peach flower garden' society, which was made up after he found that the ancient society could not be restored,shows the influence of dark learning, the philosophical sect of the Wei and Jin dynasties.