颌面创伤住院患者临床流行病学调查

Survey of epidemiological characters of maxillofacial injuries in hospitalized patients

目的:通过大量临床病例资料流行病学的回顾性研究,了解颌面创伤患者的流行病学特点。方法:收录解放军第四军医大学口腔医学院1996-01/2002-10所有颌面创伤住院患者,创建颌面面创伤数据库,对每例患者的年龄、性别、伤因、致伤机制、损伤的部位及特点、合并伤及治疗方法等项内容逐一输入数据库,进行统计分析。结果:共收录1159例,男性多于女性,男∶女为3.95:1。交通损伤是主要伤因,590例(59.92%),其次暴力损伤221例(19.07%)非明确原因跌落伤112例(9.66%)、职业损伤85例(7.33%),运动损伤10例(0.86%),医源性损伤7例(0.60%)。面下部是最容易损伤的部位,下颌骨骨折中颏部最多,其次为髁状突。四肢在合并伤中最多发,其次是颅脑和眼。结论:应加强交通事故中颌面损伤的防治,注意其多发伤的特点。

AIM:To analyse the epidemiological characters of maxillofacial injuries by the retrospective study of many clinical data of epidemiology in hospitalized patients. METHODS:A retrospective review of patients admitted to the Stomatology Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University from January,1996 to October,2002 was done.Data was collected on age,sex,etiology and mechanism of injury,location and clinical characters, associated injuries and treatment.Statistic analysis of the data was done. RESULTS:One thousand one hundred and fifty nine patients was reviewed.The majority of victims were males.The ratio of male and female was 3.95:1.Road traffic accident(RTA) was the major cause of facial injury(59.92%,590 cases),followed by violence injury(19.07%,221 cases),falling injury(9.66%,112 cases),occupational injury(7.33%,85 cases),sports injury(0.86%,10 cases)and iatrogenic injury(0.60%,7cases).A large proportion of facial injuries occurred on the lower face.The symphysis of mandible was most frequently damaged,followed by condyle.The most common associated trauma was extremity fractures. CONCLUSION:Prevention and management of maxillofacial trauma should be strengthened and its characterastics of multiple injuries should always be anticipated and identified.