应用组织工程化周围神经修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损的实验研究

Experimental study on repairing peripheral nerve defects with artificial nerve from tissue engineering

目的:探讨组织工程化周围神经修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损的可行性。方法:应用预制的组织工程化周围神经修复大鼠坐骨神经15mm缺损。术后12周,分别进行显微解剖观察,再生轴突神经电生理测定,再生轴突生长和成熟情况的组织学观察及其图像分析处理。结果:组织工程化周围神经移植体结构完整,组织相容性良好。组织工程化周围神经移植组与自体神经移植组相比相对动作电位幅值恢复率差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。再生轴突在组织工程化周围神经移植体内生长良好,并可见较好的髓鞘结构形成。组织工程化周围神经移植组与自体神经移植组相比再生轴突密度恢复率差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:组织工程化周围神经可修复大鼠坐骨神经15mm缺损。

AIM:To investigate the possibility of repairing peripheral nerve defects with artificial nerve from tissue engineering. METHODS:It was initially applied across a 15 mm sciatic nerve gap in rats and was compared with other nerve conduit materials.Male Sprague Dawley rats were used as our animal models.Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups:autograft group,artificial nerve group,and biodegradable material tube group(n=10).The situation of sciatic nerve regeneration was evaluated at 12 weeks following injury and repaired by using microanatomical,electrophysiological and morphologic assessments of the outcome of nerve regeneration in each animal. RESULTS:Peripheral nerve graft from tissue engineering showed completely and histocompatibility was very well.The artificial nerve group and nerve autograft group had no significant difference in relative action potential recovery ratio(P >0.05).However,the regenerative axons were not found in the distal nerve of the biodegradable material tube group. Regenerative axons grew well in the peripheral nerve graft from tissue engineering and good myelin sheath formation was observed. There was no significant difference in the density recovery ratio of axons between the artificial nerve group and the nerve autograft group in the electrophysiological assessment(P >0.05). CONCLUSION:The artificial nerve from tissue engineering can repair a 15 mm sciatic nerve gap in rats.