“教学做合一”释义——兼论实践教育哲学如何可能

Interpretation of “Integrity of Teaching,Learning and Practice”:Comments on Possibility of Practice of Education Philosophy

陶行知的"教学做合一"表征的是一种行动的教育哲学,这一教育哲学把教育看作是社会经验或生活的改造者。"做"指的是在劳力上劳心,"合"则包含和而不同与和实生物两个方面。围绕社会经验的改造,真正的知识得以生成,个体各个不同的个性以及一个四通八达的民主社会都是建立在这一行动的知识教育的基础之上。随着个体生命及其生活经验的不断完善和美化,知识由于转变为个体的生存实践智慧而被充分有机化,不仅知识本身成为有机的整体,它还与个体的机体和合为一。知识的机体化使得教育的另一传统得以澄明,预示着实践教育哲学的诞生。

Tao xingzhi's 'Integrity of Teaching,Learning and Practice' is a philosophy of education for action,and it regards education as a transformer of social experience and life.'Practice' refers to work with one's mind in the labor force and'Integrity' contains two aspects of getting along in harmony,but not complying casually harmony and fusion which can produce and develop things.Owing to transformation of social experience,real knowledge is generated.Individuals of different personality and an extensive democratic society are built on the basis of the action of knowledge education.With the constant improvement and beautifying of individual life and the experience,due to the transformation to survival of the individual practice wisdom,knowledge was fully organic.Not only the knowledge itself becomes an organic whole,knowledge also integrate with the individual.The integration of knowledge makes another tradition of education clear,and heralds the birth of a new practice philosophy of education.