高校毕业生就业力的测量操作化尝试

Operational Measuring of Employability of College Graduates

当前大学生就业状况的个体差异根结指向为个体就业力。虽然国内学者对此问题进行了相关研究,但多为宏观理论分析或微观能力探讨,能进行操作化的研究成果不多。本文从可操作化的角度自编高校毕业生就业力调查问卷,对高校毕业生就业力水平及影响因素进行了测量,实证探讨大学生就业力及影响因素具体情况。通过质性访谈、项目分析、数据分析等方法发现:大学生就业力水平包含收入水平、求职成本等九个观测指标,大学生就业力影响因素包含就业素质、就业期望等13个因子,二者关系模型拟合度较好。

College student’s lack of employability leads to the austere position of employment. Over the past decade, some researches were conducted about the macro-level or micro-level causes but they were not very practical. This paper started with the self-designed employability of college graduates questionnaire in measurement operationalization, analysed the employability level and affect factors. Through qualitative research, item and data analysis and other methods, it was found that the employability level includes nine observation indexes, such as income levels, job-hunting cost, etc. The employability affecting factors includes 13 observed variables, such as employment quality, job expectations, etc. the effect was relatively good with a high goodness-of-fit.