钨矿接尘工矽肺危险度

Silicosis risk among dust-exposed tungsten miners

目的 探讨钨矿接尘工矽肺危险度并对其防治措施进行评价。方法 采用职业流行病学队列研究方法 ,按接尘水平进行定量分析和定性分析 ,估算钨矿接尘工矽肺危险度。结果 ①接尘工累积接总粉尘不到 10mg/(m3 ·a) ,就有 45例矽肺发病 ,发病率为 0 7% ;②累积接总粉尘量与观察期矽肺发生差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;③钨矿矿尘空气中最高容许水平是 2mg/m3 ,相当累积呼吸性游离二氧化硅尘 0 0 41mg/(m3 ·a) ,此值在钨矿仍有病例发生。结论 我国当前采用的粉尘卫生标准在钨矿不是最低危害作用水平。同时也说明各类接尘厂矿的接触限值是有区别的。

To study the silicosis risk among dust-exposed tungsten miners and assess the effect of dust proof measures. Cohort study method of occupational epidemiology was conducted to evaluate the silicosis risk among dust-exposed tungsten miners by quantity and nature-determining analysis.① When the cumulative total dust exposure (CET) was less than 10 mg/m3 , 45 cases of silicosis occurred with the incidence rate of 0.7%. ② Significant difference was found between CET and the occurrence of suspected silicosis (P<0.05). ③ The Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) at the workplace of tungsten mine is 2 mg/m3 , which is equal to cumulative respirable silica exposure of 0.041mg/m3. Cases still occurred on this value.[Conclusion]MAC of 2 mg/m3 is not the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) for tungsten mine. It also indicates that MAC of different types of dust should be different.