满铁对清代东北内务府官庄的调查

South Manchuria Railway Investigation on the Manors of the Qing Dynasty Imperial Household Department in Northeast China

作为"满洲旧惯调查"的一个组成部分,满铁对清代东北内务府官庄的调查是日本推行移民侵略的产物。该调查重点围绕土地利用状况和土地经济关系展开,包括6项内容:起源调查考证了内务府官庄制度的沿革,意在证实其官有性质,为日后掠夺土地寻求法理依据;类型数量调查以及土地调查全面查清了东北各类官庄的底数和土地资源状况,做到了范围极广的覆盖,暴露出对东北土地的觊觎;户籍调查和管理调查阐述了官庄组织、运行、管理的方式方法,是经济关系调查的重要辅助和不可缺少的基础内容;地租调查全面、系统、细致地梳理了各类官庄地租正征、杂征、本色、折色的租率以及征租数目,是官庄土地经济关系调查中最核心的内容,与日后日本制定土地统制政策关系也最为密切。满铁对内务府官庄等土地的调查,从法理、实践和政策研究上为日本占领东北后迅速进行土地掠夺做出了比较充分的准备。

The Mantetsu’s investigation on the northeastern Manors of the Qing Dynasty Imperial Household Department(the'Manors')was an outcome of Japan’s colonization in China.The investigation includes the following six projects:the investigation on origin focused on the evolution of the Manor system;the investigation on the type,quantity and land examined the bases and land resources of various types of Manors;the investigation on household registration and management expounded the mode of organization,operation and management of the Manors;the investigation on land rent holistically,systematically and meticulously sorted out the rate and total quantity of rents for various types of Manors.All of the investigations on the land resources of the Manors well-prepared Japan in respects of law,practice and policy research for its further and rapid plundering of the land in Northeast China.