日本老人异国养老问题探讨

Exploration of Elderly Care of Japanese in Foreign Countries

日本已成为全球最长寿的国家和老龄化最严重的国家,老龄化程度还在逐年加深,与此同时,日本育龄妇女的总和生育率持续走低,日本新生人口逐年减少,人口总量逐年下降,劳动力日益短缺,日本政府不得不自2018年起收紧养老金的发放额。由于养老金不足以或勉强能应付高昂的生活成本和医疗成本,部分不希望退休后继续工作以增加收入的日本老人逃离日本,前往适宜外国退休者定居养老的东南亚国家安度晚年。尽管前往东南亚国家养老的日本老人也会存在孤独和容易成为金钱犯罪的对象等问题,但异国养老已是一个不可逆转的趋势。这也为中国退休者到东南亚国家养老提供了参考。

When aging problem in Japan has become more and more serious,the total fertility rate of Japanese women of childbearing age also keeps going low.With the decrease of the new-born and labor shortage,Japanese government has tightened pension payments since 2018.Some elderly Japanese have fled to South-East Asian countries suitable for foreign retirees to settle down as their inadequate pension cannot cover the high cost of living and medical care.Although the elderly Japanese may experience loneliness or even fraud,it is an irreversible trend to live their later years in foreign countries.This will provide reference for the elderly care of Chinese retirees.