健康信念模式在高磷血症患者血液透析饮食管理中的应用效果观察

Observation on Application Effect of Health Belief Model in Hemodialysis Diet Management of Hyperphosphatemia Patients

目的探讨健康信念模式在高磷血症患者血液透析饮食管理中的具体实施方法及临床效果。方法选取我院接诊的血液透析治疗高磷血症患者64例,随机分为对照组与观察组各32例,分别采取血液透析常规护理与引入健康信念模式的饮食管理,持续进行24周干预,观察干预前后患者的低磷饮食健康信念,以及服药、饮食知识及行为情况。结果对照组干预后的低磷饮食健康信念总分为(112.54±7.85)分,观察组干预后的低磷饮食健康信念总分为(117.70±6.81)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组干预后的服药、饮食知识及行为得分为(20.23±4.01)分,观察组干预后的服药、饮食知识及行为得分为(25.34±4.06)分,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论将健康信念模式与饮食管理结合起来,可有效改善高磷血症患者血液透析期间的低磷饮食健康信念,改善饮食行为,维持健康的饮食习惯。

Objective To explore the specific implementation methods and clinical effect of health belief model in hemodialysis diet management of hyperphosphatemia patients.Methods 64 cases of hyperphosphatemia patients with hemodialysis treatment in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups,with 32 cases in each group.The control group received hemodialysis routine nursing,and the observation group received hemodialysis diet with health belief model.Both groups received intervention for 24 weeks.Before and after intervention,the health beliefs of low-phosphorus diets,as well as situation of medication,dietary knowledge and behavior were observed.Results After intervention,the total score of health beliefs of low-phosphorus diets of the observation group was(117.70±6.81)points,significantly higher than(112.54±7.85)points of the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the score of medication,dietary knowledge and behavior of the observation group was(25.34±4.06)points,significantly higher than(20.23±4.01)points of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The combination of the health belief model and diet management can effectively improve the health beliefs of low-phosphorus diets during hemodialysis in patients with hyperphosphatemia,improve diet behavior,and maintain healthy diet habits.