论《尼各马可伦理学》中的荣誉及其根据

On the Honor and Basis in Nicomachean Ethics

亚里士多德将荣誉界定为最大的外在善,但他的界定会导致两个问题,即荣誉的价值依据问题和作为最大的外在善的荣誉与朋友的关系问题。因此在理解亚里士多德对荣誉概念的界定时,我们要正确认识到荣誉的价值根据不是外在的授予者,而是与其匹配的德性,尽管亚里士多德将朋友和荣誉都界定为最大外在善,但却是在不同层面上所说的。厘清荣誉与德性和幸福的关系问题,我们或能更深刻地认识到荣誉的内涵及其价值依据。

Aristotle defines honor as the greatest external good,but there may be two problems in his theory,one is the value basis of honor,the other is the relationship between honor and friends,which is also the greatest external good.To understand Aristotle’s definition of honor,one should realize that the value of honor is not based on the external grantor,but on the matching virtue.Aristotle defines honor as the concept of external good which should be understood from different perspectives.By clarifying the relationship between honor and virtue and happiness,one can further understand the connotation and value basis of honor.