“规划先行”的乡土遗产整体保护与利用——以安徽省黄山市徽州区呈坎村古建筑群保护利用实施规划为例

Holistic Conservation and Utilization of Vernacular Heritage under the Guidance of Implementary Plan——Case Study of the Conservation and Utilization Implementary Plan of the Historical Building Complex in Chengkan Village in Huizhou District, Huangshan C

乡土遗产是具有活态性的遗产类型,其保护利用涉及内容复杂,需要合理的规划进行统筹指导;然而,乡土遗产往往处于持续变化之中,产权以私人为主,这使得常规的主要从控制层面出发的蓝图式规划常常不能起到理想效果。当前乡土遗产保护的发展形势,需要规划能够将保护与利用相结合,充分考虑遗产和社区的紧密联系,尊重利益相关者的需求和权益,符合乡土遗产有机演进的自身规律,,且对于遗产保护利用项目的设计、实施和运行以及展陈体系的建立能够起到具体的指导作用。结合黄山市呈坎村古建筑群保护利用实施规划的编制,探讨乡土遗产自身的特点和当前保护利用的总体形势对规划工作提出的新要求,以及在规划编制过程中为回应以上要求而进行的探索和尝试。

Vernacular heritage is a kind of living heritage. The conservation and utilization of vernacular heritage involve to a series of complex problems, thus to make a rational master plan is very necessary. But in most cases, vernacular heritage belongs to the private and in a state of continuous changes. It makes the conventional ‘blueprint' master plan which dominated by construction-control cannot have an ideal effect. The current situation of vernacular heritage preservation in china requires that the master plan can combine conservation with utilization, fully considering the close relations between heritage and community, respecting for the needs and rights and interests of stakeholders, and in line with the organic-evolution principle of vernacular heritage. The master plan should specifically guide the design, implement and operation of the conservation, utilization, and exhibition project of vernacular heritage. In this article, the author discusses the characteristics of vernacular heritage, the new requests to the conservation and utilization master plan according to current situation of vernacular heritage preservation, and the exploration and attempt to meet them in the case study of the Conservation and Utilization Implementary Plan of Historical Building Complex in Chengkan Village in Huizhou District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province in China.