处境不利儿童心理韧性研究的现状与展望

The Present Situation and Prospects of the Research on Disadvantaged Children Resilience

心理韧性作为发展心理学界活跃的研究领域之一,促使处境不利儿童将不利处境有效地转换为保护性处境。已有处境不利儿童心理韧性的研究包括系统理论模型、质的研究方法和量的研究方法、实证研究和质性研究。国内外大量文献资料隐含以下启发观点:处境不利儿童早期教育的发展是教育公平和谐的起点、建立处境不利儿童的教育补偿制度、充分发掘处境不利儿童的社会支持资源与积极的个体特质、将实证研究方法与质性研究方法结合等。同时,开发处境不利学前儿童的心理韧性测量工具并进行相应的干预研究成为未来的研究趋势。

Resilience is one of the active areas of research in development psychology,it promotes children converting disadvantaged situation into advantaged situation.The existing researches on disadvantaged children resilience include the organizational framework of resilience,the method of qualitative research and quantitative research,empirical research and qualitative research.The literature at home and abroad shows a good deal of enlightenment,which concludes that the development of disadvantaged children early education is the starting point of education fair,establishing compensatory education policy,exploring the social support and positive traits,using the method of empirical research and qualitative research.In addition,developing the resilience assessment for disadvantaged preschool children and doing intervention study will be the future research trend.