柏柏尔语在马格里布的使用现状及对策

Study on Berber Language Status and Strategies in Maghreb

柏柏尔语是马格里布地区最古老的本地语言。在阿尔及利亚、摩洛哥和突尼斯,柏柏尔语使用者仍旧占有一定的比例。本文分析了柏柏尔语在以上3个马格里布地区国家的使用现状,并指出在阿拉伯语的强势挤压下,柏柏尔语在阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥面临着语言权利的问题,而在突尼斯却面临着社群缩小乃至将要消失的问题。除了探讨柏柏尔语在马格里布地区3个国家的使用现状,笔者还尝试提出一些解决问题的对策。要解决这些问题,应该采取包括制定语言政策、发展经济、维护文化在内的多方面措施。

Berber language is the oldest language of Maghreb Region.In Algeria,Morocco and Tunisia Berber language native speakers still remains an important part of the whole society.This paper is aimed to describe the Berber language status in the above three mentioned countries.In Algeria and Morocco,Berber language has always been oppressed by the higher status of Arabic language.However,in Tunisia the situation is much worse because Berber language is marginalized and neglected,which could result in a permanent attrition and decline.Finally,we also tried to give some suggestions about how to solve the problems.Many steps should be done such as“making a language policy and planning,developing economy,and maintaining culture”