断层泥在基岩区断层新活动研究中的意义

Significance of Fault Gouge in the Study of Recent Activity of Fault in Bedrock Area

断层泥在基岩区断层新活动研究中的意义在于：利用断层泥中粘土矿物的组合、成分、结晶程度可以判定断层活动时的物理环境；断层泥带的宽度与断层的位移量有一定的线性关系，从而可用于确定断层的位移量；断层泥的显微构造特征及其中石英碎砾的表面结构，可以提供有关断层活动方式、性质、期次、时代等重要信息。对断层泥进行包括野外详细观测、室内显微构造分析以及年龄测定在内的综合研究，是确定基岩区断层新活动特征的行之有效的方法。

In this paper the significance of fault gouge in the study of recent fault activity in bedrock area has been discussed in detail. It is suggested that the composition, assemblage and crystallography of clay minerals in fault gouge can be used to infer the physical conditions of the faulting process. As the width of the gouge zone is linear with the displacement amount of the fault, it can be taken as an estimate of the displacement. The microstructural features of fault gouge, as well as the surface textures of quartz grain in the gouge may provide us with important information concerning the nature, mode of motion, period and time of faulting. It is believed, therefore, that the comprehensive study of fault gouge, including detailed field investigation, microstructural analysis, and age dating, is an effective approach to the recognition of recent fault activity in bedrock area.