摘要
本文运用回顾性队列研究方法，分析了建厂２０年以上的３个橡胶厂中２７１５名职工１９８０．１．１～１９８６．１２．３１日间恶性肿瘤死亡情况：橡胶接触工人标化死亡率１７９．６６／１０万，高于同期当地１６岁以上居民（１３６．２４／１０万）。其中，硫化工标化死亡率（５１９．０１／１０万）显著高于同期当地居民（ＳＭＲ为３８０．９５，Ｐ＜０．０５）。接触工人肿瘤死亡年龄较同期当地居民肿瘤死亡明显向前推移（男性提前７．９年，女性提前１５．５年）。肿瘤发病潜伏期１８．２年。橡胶工人肿瘤高发可能与硫化烟气有关。＂符号，表示与当地居民死亡比较，差异非常显著（ｐ＜０．０１）。２．３．２橡胶接触者肿瘤死亡分析在橡胶接触者中，硫化工肿瘤标化死亡率显著高于当地１６岁以上居民（ＳＭＲ为３８０．９５，ｐ＜０．０５），也明显高于其他工种，见表３。表３不同工种肿瘤死亡率比较注：表中标化死亡率是以当地居民死亡为标准求得间接标化率。肿瘤死亡年龄：橡胶接触者中，男性肿瘤死亡年龄在２７～７４岁之间，平均５４．５岁，比同期当地居民肿瘤死亡提前７．９岁；女性平均死亡年龄４６．２岁，提前了１５．５岁。接触工龄与肿瘤发病的关系：从表４可见，恶性肿瘤有随接触工龄?
A retrospective cohort study of malignant tumor(1980～1986)in 2715 workers of rubber-goods factory was carried out.The result showed that the standardized death rate of malignant tumor was higher in the exposed workers than in the local that inh abitant,among them,the standardized death rate of malignant tumor was significantly higher in the vulcanization workers thathat in the exposed localinhabitant (SMB=380.95,p<0.05).The death age of malignant tumor evidently advanced in the contact workers than that in the local inhabitant(male advanced 7.9 years,female advanced 15.5 years).It is suggested that the malignant tumor among rubber workers was related to the sulphur smoke.
