韶关市1950～1994年流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行状况及控制效果

The Epidemic Trend and Contcol Effect on Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis from 1950 to 1994 in Shaoguan

韶关市１９５０～１９９５年流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行过程中，１９５９年和１９６７年出现了两次高峰，发病强度分别为２１．４／十万和４９０．２８／十万，１９７１～１９８３年发病波动在４．９～８．８／十万之间．１９８４年发病上升至１２．９１／十万，局部地区出现暴发，强度为４．５０／十万，人群带菌率达３６．６９／十万，Ａ群为主，预测将出现流行高峰．自１９８５年起，以Ａ群脑膜炎多醣苗苗重点对铁路沿线及边界地区进行免疫接种，当年发病率下降４３．６８％，１９８８年后发病已降至１．５９／十万以下，远比预测值低，且分布地区局限，呈现出随菌苗覆盖率增加而发病下降的等级负相关关系（ｒ＝０．９），人群流脑ＳＰＲＩＡ抗体逐年呈倍数增长。起到了控制流脑流行的显著效果。

There were two peaks of incidence of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (ECM) from 1950to 1994,and they were 21.46/105 in 1959 and 490.28/105 in 1967.The incidence rate fluctuated befween 4.9/105 and 8.8/105 during 1971 - 1983. In 1984,the rate increased to 12. 91/105 and outbreak of ECM occurred in some local area where the incidence rate was as high as 44.50/105.Carrier rate was 36. 69/105 and an opidemic of ECM was predicted. Since 1985,focal point population along the rayway and rearby were vaccinated with Group A Nesseria Meningococeal Capsular Polysaccharide vaccine,and the incidence rate decreased by 43. 68% in the fiest year and thereafter it was below 1. 59/105,much lower than expected. The cases of ECM became localized.It is a nesative corralalion (r=0.9) between vaccination rate and incidence rate.The anfibody to Nesseria Meningococcus reached to 11. 088～100. 765μg/ml and 15. 833～ 110.061μg/ml (by solid phase radioimmunoassay) for populafion of Shaoguan city and affiliated counfies. The survey showed that ECM have been controlled effectively in Shaoguan.