2010-2014年成都市金牛区疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析

Analysis on Surveillance Data of Adverse Events Following Immunization in Jinniu District of Chengdu,2010-2014

目的分析成都市金牛区2010-2014年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)发生特征,评价AEFI信息管理系统运转情况,提高监测质量。方法通过全国AEFI监测系统收集2010-2014年成都市金牛区上报的AEFI个案数据,用描述性流行病学方法对相关数据进行分析。结果金牛区2010-2014年共报告816例AEFI,总发生率为34.78/10万,严重AEFI发生率为0.43/10万。AEFI报告数男女比为1.31∶1;≤1岁占69.36%;接种疫苗后0~1 d发生AEFI的占87.99%;一般反应和异常反应分别占59.80%和27.45%;一般反应以发热、局部红肿和硬结为主,异常反应中以过敏性皮疹为主。结论金牛区AEFI监测灵敏性逐年提高,但仍需加强对一般反应的主动监测和偶合症的甄别;AEFI主要发生在小年龄儿童和接种早期,为AEFI监测的重点。

Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse event following immunization( AEFI) in Jinniu district of Chengdu,2010- 2014,and to evaluate implementation of AEFI information management system,and to improve the quality of surveillance. Methods 2010- 2014 AEFI data were collected through the national AEFI information management system. The descriptive methodology was used in the study. Results816 cases of AEFI were reported,2010- 2014,the total AEFI incidence rate was 34. 78 per 100 000 doses,the serious AEFI incidence rate was 0. 43 per 100 000 doses. The ratio of malevs female was 1. 31 ∶ 1. Case which were no more than one year old accounted for 69. 36%. The common vaccine reactions and rare vaccine reactions were 59. 80% and 27. 45% reapectively. Among the cases,the main symptoms of common vaccine reactions were fever,local swelling and indurations,while the main diagnosis of rare vaccine reactions were anaphylactic rash. Conclusion The sensitivity of AEFI surveillance was increased year by year,but the active surveillance of common vaccine reactions and the identifying of coupled disease should still be strengthened.AEFI often occurs among young children and in the early stage after vaccinating,which should be focused.