四川省石渠县包虫病流行病学现状调查

Study on the Current Status Investigation of Epidemiology of Echinococcosis(Hydatidosis) in Shiqu County of Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省石渠县包虫病流行病学现状,以评价近年包虫病防控效果,为加强包虫病防治分类指导和效果考核提供依据。方法对6~12岁儿童进行B超影像学检查,调查患病情况;调查庭院内粪便密度,同时采集犬粪便进行粪抗原ELISA检测;观察计数无主犬数量;针对不同人群开展问卷调查,了解包虫病防治知识知晓率及正确行为率。用SPSS18.0和Excel2007进行数据统计分析。结果 6~12岁儿童患病率为2.40%(17/709),男女性患病率分别为1.64%(5/305)和2.97%(12/404)(P>0.05);养犬户庭院内平均粪便密度为5份/100 m^2,家犬及野犬棘球绦虫感染率分别为0.95%(3/315)和2.09%(5/239)(P>0.05);农牧民集中居住地无主犬密度为209.29只/km^2;防治知识知晓率为73.41%(1 296/1 766),正确行为率为76.67%(1 354/1 766)。结论 6~12岁儿童包虫病患病较严重,感染包虫病危险因素依然存在,应加强开展B超筛查、重点人群健康教育宣传、犬驱虫、控制无主犬数量、及时清理庭院内粪便等防控措施。

Objective To understand the current status of echinococcosis in Shiqu County,Sichuan. The results will be used to evaluate the control effect of echinococcosis,and to provide basis for future echinococcosis treatment and prevention. Methods Students aged 6-12 in primary school from each township were examined by ultrasound to inquiry health condition and diseases. Several villages were randomly chosen to survey the density of feces in yards,and dog feces were detected with antigen ELISA test. Stray dogs were counted from 4 directions started from the location of village committee or the house of the village secretary. Public servants,religionists,students,famers and herdsmen were asked to finish questionnaires to know the awareness rate of knowledge about prevention and treatment of echinococcosis and the success rate of healthy behavior. SPSS 18. 0 and Excel2007 were used to analysis the data. Results Ultrasonic exam showed that the prevalence of children aged 6-12 was 2. 40%(17/709),boys and girls of which were 1. 64%(5/305) and 2. 97%(12/404) respectively(P > 0. 05). The average density of feces in yards was 5/100 m^2. Using echinococcus antigen detection ways to deal the dog poops,domestic dogs and wild dog echinococcus infection rate were 0. 95%(3/315) and2. 09%(5/239)(χ~2= 1. 240,P > 0. 05). The density of stray dogs was 209. 29/km^2. The awareness rate of knowledge about prevention and treatment of echinococcosis was 73. 41%(1 296/1 766),and the success rate of healthy behavior was 76. 67%(1 354/1 766). Conclusion Both CE and AE were found in children aged 6-12 in Shiqu County,and the situation is serious. The infection risk is still existed. So we should strengthen the prevention and control measures of the ultrasound screening,key crowd health education propaganda,using insect repellent to dogs,quantity control of stray dogs,and timely cleaning up the yard waste.