成都市基层公共卫生人员健康素养现状及其影响因素

Health Literacy and its Influencing Factors Among Grassroots Public Health Personnel in Chengdu

目的了解成都市基层公共卫生人员健康素养现状及其影响因素,为制定相关政策和措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法对在成都市3个区(县)抽取的428名基层公共卫生人员进行问卷调查。结果调查对象的总体健康素养水平为62.62%,基本健康知识和理念素养水平为85.05%,健康生活方式与行为素养水平为43.22%,基本技能素养水平为69.86%;在6类健康素养问题中,安全与急救素养水平最高,为90.89%,慢性病防治素养水平最低,为44.86%。Logistic回归分析显示,影响基层公共卫生人员健康素养水平的主要因素包括性别、文化程度、职称和人均收入。结论成都市基层公共卫生人员的健康素养水平高于2012年四川省常住居民健康素养水平,对知识的掌握情况好于行为和技能,但慢性病防治、基本医疗和健康信息素养水平仍较低,应开展多元化的培训和系统科学的健康教育来提高基层公共卫生人员的健康素养水平。

Objective To understand the status of health literacy and its influencing factors among grassroots public health personnel in Chengdu and provide evidence for the development of relevant policies and measures.Methods The stratified and cluster random sampling method was used to select 428 grassroots public health personnel from 3 districts(counties) in Chengdu. Results The proportion of respondents with overall health literacy was 62. 62%,the proportions of respondents with literacy of basic health knowledge and the concept,with healthy lifestyle and behavior and with basic skills were 85. 05%,43. 22% and 69. 86%,respectively. The literacy level of safety and first aid was the highest(90. 89%) among 6 kinds of issue-oriented health literacy,while the literacy level of chronic disease prevention and treatment was the lowest(44. 86%). The results of logistic regression showed that sex,education level,professional title and personal income were the main influencing factors for the grassroots public health personnel' s health literacy. Conclusion The health literacy level of grassroots public health personnel in Chengdu is higher than the general level of residents in Sichuan Province. The possession status for knowledge literacy is better than the status of behavior literacy and skills literacy. The levels of chronic disease prevention and treatment literacy,essential medicine literacy and health information literacy are low. Multilayer training and scientific education should be implemented to improve grassroots public health personnel' s health literacy level.