成都市龙泉驿区成年人主要慢性病患病现状及危险因素调查分析

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Main Chronic Diseases Among Adults in Longquanyi District,Chengdu

目的研究成都市龙泉驿区成年人慢性病的患病情况和危险因素,为慢性病预防控制策略的制定提供依据。方法按照多阶段随机抽样的方法确定调查对象共724人,进行现场问卷调查和体格检查。结果对调查问卷中的相关因素进行分析得到主要慢性病的患病率,高血压为28.9%,糖尿病为13.0%,高血脂为48.3%,关节疾病为25.7%。年龄、文化程度对4种主要慢病均有影响,其中年龄为危险因素,文化程度为保护因素;超重肥胖是高血压和高血脂的危险因素;饮酒和高强度体力劳动是高血压和关节疾病的危险因素。结论龙泉驿区高血脂、高血压等慢性病患病率较高,而且现患慢性病呈现病种多元化趋势。应尽早展开针对危险因素的预防措施,并采取控制体重、戒烟限酒、增强锻炼等措施,改变不合理的生活方式,加强健康教育,将有助于预防和控制慢性病的发生。

Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic diseases and risk factors among residents in Longquanyi District and provide evidence for prevention and control. Methods 724 adults were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling. A face-to-face questionnaire interview and physical examination were carried out. Results Relevant factors in the questionnaire were analyzed and prevalence rates of main chronic diseases were calculated. The prevalence rates of hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipemia and joint diseases were 28. 9%,13. 0%,48. 3% and 25. 7%,respectively. Age and educational background contributed to all of the four main chronic diseases,the former was a risk factor,while the latter was a protective factor; overweight was a risk factor for hypertension and hyperlipemia; drinking and high physical labor were risk factors for hypertension and joint diseases. Conclusion The prevalence rates of hyperlipemia,hypertension and other chronic diseases were high in Longquanyi district of Chengdu city,and the occurrence of chronic diseases has showed a trend of diversification. Preventive measures against risks factors, including body weight control, restriction of smoking and alcohol use, physical exercise, lifestyle changes,health education,should be initiated as early as possible to prevent and control chronic diseases.