2010-2015年广安市麻疹流行病学分析

Analysis on the Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles in Guang' an From 2010 to 2015

目的分析广安市2010-2015年的麻疹疫情,为有效控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学对2010~2015年广安市麻疹病例进行分析。结果 2010-2015年,广安市共报告麻疹392例,6年平均发病率2.03/10万;男∶女=1.55∶1;病例主要分布于0~6岁儿童(84.70%);散居儿童发病最多,占病例总数的64.80%,其次是幼托儿童和学生,分别占病例总数的17.85%和6.38%。结论接种率低,易感人群积累是造成麻疹发病和暴发的主要原因。做好麻疹疫苗常规免疫接种,适时开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫和查漏补种,增强麻疹监测敏感性和质量,加强宣传教育是控制麻疹的重要策略和措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Guang’an from 2010 to 2015,and provide advices for measles control.Methods The descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2010 to 2015.Results During these 6 years,392 cases of measles were reported.The average incidence of varicella during 2010-2015 was 2.03/100,000.The sex ratio of Male/female was 1.55∶1;Cases were mainly distributed in 0 to 6 age group,accounting for 84.70%of the total cases;scattered children were the most susceptible population,accounting for 64.80%of the total cases,followed by kindergarten children and the students accounting for the total number of cases of 17.85%and6.38%.Conclusion The low vaccination rate and the accumulation of susceptible population are the main causes of morbidity and outbreaks of measles.For routine immunization of measles vaccine,we suggest that vaccines against measles and leak seeding should be timely carried out,the measles surveillance quality should be strengthened,and its propaganda should be enhanced.