一起建筑工地食堂食物中毒事件的调查

A Food Poisoning Event in the Refectory of a Building Site

目的调查某建筑工地食堂发生的1起食物中毒事件,利用现场流行病学和卫生学调查方法分析事件的原因,为今后预防类似事件发生提供依据。方法描述性流行病学方法分析事件特征,运用病例对照探讨危险因素,实验室检测方法进行验证。结果共发现26例病例,临床症状主要为恶心(100%)、呕吐(84.62%)、腹痛(76.92%)、腹泻(61.54%)等,病例对照提示食物中毒的可疑食物为2016-06-18中餐提供的瓠瓜(OR=15.33,95%CI∶3.697~63.601),进食瓠瓜和中毒的风险存在剂量-反应关系(χ2Trends=6.271,P=0.012)。样品经细菌培养均呈阴性。结论根据流行病学调查、临床特征、病例对照和剂量反应分析以及实验室检验结果,推测这起食物中毒可能由进食苦瓠瓜引起。建议加强宣传教育,提高食品安全意识,避免类似事件发生。

Objective To investigate a food poisoning event in the refectory of a building site by using field epidemiological and hygienic survey methods to analyze the cause and provide reference for preventing similar cases in the future.MethodsDescriptive epidemiology was used to address epidemiologic characteristics,case control study and dose-response relation study were used to analyze the risk factors,and samples were analyzed by laboratory methods.ResultsTwenty-six cases were founded and the major symptoms were nauseous(100%),vomiting(84.62%),abdominal pains(76.92%)and diarrhea(61.54%).According to the results of case control study,the suspected food was the Lagenaria siceraria in the lunch on June 18 th(OR=15.33,95%CI:3.697-63.601).There was a dose-response relationship between the weights of the Lagenaria siceraria workers ate and risk of poisoning(χ2 Trends=6.271,P=0.012).Bacterial culture tests of all samples were negative.ConclusionBased on the result of the epidemiological investigation,clinical characteristics,case control study,dose-response relation study and laboratory test results,the event of food poisoning was presumably caused by Lagenaria siceraria.It is necessary to strengthen publicity on food safety and improve food safety consciousness to prevent similar events.