长春市二道区女性高危型HPV感染及基因亚型分布情况

Infection and Gene Subtype Distribution of High-risk Human Papillomavirus Among Women in Erdao District of Changchun

目的探讨长春市二道区女性高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染及亚型分布情况,为本地区宫颈癌的早期防治及疫苗的接种提供参考依据。方法采用PCR-膜杂交法,对2016-08/2018-08就诊的9 750例女性的宫颈脱落细胞标本进行HPV基因分型检测。组间差异比较采用χ~2检验。结果高危型HPV感染率为29.74%,并以单一基因型(54%)感染为主,分别以16型、52型、58型及56型居多。多重感染占46%,以52型合并16、51、58型的二重基因型感染(29.66%)多见。HPV感染率在不同年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),具有≤20岁(71.43%)和>60岁(44.15%)两个感染高峰。结论本地区高危型HPV基因型分布具有年龄特异性,有年轻化趋势,最常见的单一型感染为16型、52型及58型。HPV基因型检测有助于宫颈癌的早期防治。

Objective To investigate the infection and gene subtype distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus(HPV)in women of Changchun and provide evidence for the prevention of cervical cancer in early stage and HPV vaccine inoculation.Methods The PCR-membrane hybridization method was used to detect the high-risk HPV genotypes in the cervical specimen of 9 750 patients who were treated from August 2016 to August 2018.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences between grops.Results The infection rate of high-risk HPV was 29.74%,more than half of them were infected with a single genotype(54%),and mainly caused by HPV16,HPV52,HPV58 and HPV56.While in those multiple HPV infections(46%),among which the double genotype infections were more common(29.66%),mainly caused by HPV52 combined with HPV16,HPV51 and HPV58.The infection rate of HPV was significant difference in different age groups(P<0.05),and there were two infection peak age which were younger or equal to 20 year-old(71.43%)and older than 60 year-old(44.15%).Conclusion The distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes has significant difference in the different age groups,and HPV infection has an increasingly trend in the younger.The HPV16,HPV52 and HPV58 are the most common HPV gene subtypes among the patients in our study.HPV genotype detection is beneficial for the early prevention of cervical cancer.